“I just need to forgive myself for my past failures, past
hurts and poor choices. Then I can
really heal.” Have you heard or
maybe said something like this before?
Recently our ladies’ Sunday School had a profitable discussion about a
popular idea in our culture that needs to be addressed in the light of the
Scriptures: Do I need to learn to
forgive myself in order to heal from hurt or guilt? After talking extensively with my wife Priscilla (who led
the discussion) we thought it could be profitable for us all to think about
this issue from a biblical perspective. Let’s think first about the roots of the idea of
self-forgiveness, and then we’ll think through a biblical response.
Self-forgiveness
has its roots in the self-esteem movement.
The
self-esteem movement has its roots in clinical psychology, namely in the
personality theories of such men as Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers and their
followers. Maslow in a 1943 paper
titled “A Theory of Human Motivation” developed a theory of personal motivation
and fulfillment that subsequently has been dubbed the “hierarchy of
needs.” In this hierarchy there is
a progression of perceived needs to be met for a person to obtain wholeness -
what Maslow calls “self-actualization,” where a person is able to do “what he
is fitted for.” Basic needs of sustenance, personal safety and love/friendship
build the foundation, but the higher needs focus on the self. Maslow says that self-esteem is “the
desire for strength, for achievement, for adequacy, for confidence in the face
of the world, and for independence and freedom…Satisfaction of the self-esteem
need leads to feelings of self-confidence, worth, strength, capability and
adequacy of being useful and necessary in the world. But thwarting of these needs produces feelings of
inferiority, of weakness and of helplessness.” [i]
Whitney
Houston’s famous song “The Greatest Love of All” (originally written in 1977
for a biopic about Muhammad Ali!) made the self-esteem idea even more popular in
the 1980’s. Don’t miss the
self-esteem language throughout:
Everybody's searching for a hero people need someone to look
up to
I never found anyone who fulfilled my needs a lonely place
to be
And so I learned to depend on me
[Chorus:]
I decided long ago, never to walk in anyone's shadows
If I fail, if I succeed at least I'll live as I believe
No matter what they take from me they can't take away my
dignity
Because the greatest love of all is happening to me
I found the greatest love of all inside of me
The greatest love of all is easy to achieve
Learning to love yourself it is the greatest love of all
My working thesis here is that self-forgiveness is a subset
of the concept of self-esteem.
Forgiveness is an act of love toward another person. Therefore
self-forgiveness is an act of self-love.
If am to love myself in order to be fulfilled, then when I make mistakes
and sins I must forgive myself in order to move forward. But are the ideas of self-love,
self-esteem and self-forgiveness biblical? Allow me to propose a few ideas:
Self-love
and Self-forgiveness are concepts not found in the Scriptures.
A
search of the Scriptures shows that the idea of self-love and self-forgiveness
are never commanded. Rather, the Bible
asserts that we love ourselves too much.
Pride was at the root of the fall, as Adam and Eve wanted to be like God:
But the serpent said to the woman, “You will
not surely die. 5 For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes
will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” 6
So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a
delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she
took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with
her, and he ate. (Genesis 3:4–6)
Our
natural tendency is to think too highly of ourselves:
For by the grace given to me I say to everyone
among you not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think, but to
think with sober judgment, each according to the measure of faith that God has
assigned. (Romans 12:3 )
And,
in a powerful way Paul warns Timothy about self-love:
But understand this, that in the last days
there will come times of difficulty. 2 For people will be lovers of
self, lovers of money, proud, arrogant, abusive, disobedient to their parents,
ungrateful, unholy, 3 heartless, unappeasable, slanderous, without
self-control, brutal, not loving good, 4 treacherous, reckless,
swollen with conceit, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God, 5
having the appearance of godliness, but denying its power. Avoid such people. (2 Timothy 3:1–5)
What
is the character of the evil last days?
Among the many vices, the very first one listed is self love! Paul says to
avoid such people who are filled with inordinate love of self. The problem
clearly is not that we don’t love our selves enough. It is that we love ourselves too much, and it takes our
focus off of God and places man at the center of our universe.
The
verse used to defend self-esteem is abused:
“Teacher, which is the great commandment in the Law?” 37 And he said
to him, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your
soul and with all your mind. 38 This is the great and first
commandment. 39 And a second is like it: You shall love your
neighbor as yourself. (Matthew 22:36–39 )
Many
Christians assert that Jesus here commands us to love ourselves. But this is not the case – the command
is to love our neighbor. Jesus assumes
that we have no problem loving ourselves!
It is our neighbor we must be commanded to love. “As ourselves” is the nature of that
love – in other words, we are to love our neighbor with all the strength,
passion and speed with which we care for our own needs.
The
perceived need for self-forgiveness is a search for a way to deal with our deep
guilt that comes as a result of sin.
Seeking self-forgiveness is a failure to understand the root of personal
feelings of guilt. Jay Adams puts
it this way in a discussion of counseling people with deep guilt:
The problem is not self-forgiveness. Their
expressed agony stems from the very fact that, in the worst way, they want to
forgive themselves. They want to
put it all behind them, they want to bury it once and for all….
The problem is that people who talk this
way recognize that something more needs to be done. Forgiveness is just the beginning; it clears away the
guilt. They also recognize that
they are still the same persons who did the wrong – that though they are
forgiven, they have not changed.
Without being able to articulate it, using instead the jargon they have
heard all around them, they are crying out for the change that will assure them
they will never do anything like it again. When, as a counselor, I help them
deal with the problems in their lives that led to the wrong, in such a way that
they lead a more biblical lifestyle, I then ask, “Are you still having trouble
forgiving yourself?” Invariably they say no.[ii]
Don’t
misunderstand: there are other
situations in which people feel the need for self-forgiveness, situations in
which they themselves were sinned against. Some who have been victims of horrible sin have feelings of
guilt as a result. The person who
was abused by a parent my have lingering feelings of guilt even into adulthood,
believing that they were responsible for what took place in some way or feeling
guilty that they allowed themselves to abused. But this is something different that also does not require
self-forgiveness. What is needed in
both cases (whether you we are the one who has sinned, or the one who was
sinned against) is not self-forgiveness but the need to properly apply the
Gospel.
Instead
of self-forgiveness the Bible calls us to apply the Gospel.
Seeking
self-forgiveness is actually a subtle form of pride.
Self-forgiveness puts self over God. It is saying that God has forgiven me, but I can’t forgive
myself. This is raising a moral
standard above God’s as though Jesus’ finished work on the cross is not
enough. We do not need to forgive
ourselves for the sins which God has already forgiven! It
is not our right, for who can forgive sins but God alone (Mark 2:7)? If we are dealing with deep feelings of
guilt from past sin in our lives, we need to grasp our righteous standing in
Christ – we are completely forgiven, righteous and holy: "Therefore if anyone is in Christ, he is a new
creature; the old things passed away; behold, new things have come" (2
Corinthians 5:17).
In
our feelings of guilt, we are to think about ourselves differently. Instead of trying to love ourselves, we
need to see ourselves as desperate sinners who are also dead to sin and alive
to God:
Now if we have died with Christ, we believe
that we will also live with him. 9 We know that Christ, being raised
from the dead, will never die again; death no longer has dominion over him. 10
For the death he died he died to sin, once for all, but the life he lives he
lives to God. 11 So you also must consider yourselves dead to sin
and alive to God in Christ Jesus. 12 Let not sin therefore reign in
your mortal body, to make you obey its passions. 13 Do not present
your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves
to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to
God as instruments for righteousness. 14 For sin will have no
dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace. (Romans 6:8–14)
Do
you see the connection? Because of
the Gospel (Jesus dying and rising for our forgiveness), we have died to sin
and live to God. So also we must
consider (think differently about) ourselves in this righteous and holy
standing before Him. He looks at
you and sees His perfect Son. He
now regards just as if you’d never sinned nor been a sinner, all because
of Jesus’ finished work. People in
the Bible who have received this news invariably walk away rejoicing - remember the party for the prodigal
son? They do not walk away saying,
“God has forgiven me, but I cannot forgive myself.”
Also,
do not miss Paul’s point in Romans 6:12.
Because of this righteous declaration about you, he does not say,
“Therefore feel loving and forgiving toward yourself.” He says, now live a new
life in light of this Gospel.
A word to those who are struggling with
feelings of guilt from being sinned against by another: To heal is to also recognize the
above: you are a dearly loved,
valued child, righteous and holy in God’s sight. The sin, abuse and opinions of others are all trumped by
what God says about you. Indeed
you may have come to believe that you are worthless because someone else has
used you. To heal from those
painful wounds from the past, you must look to the cross. There you see the Son of God who can truly identify with you in your pain, and demonstrates His mighty love for you by His death. My hurting friend, begin to see yourself as God sees you - a dearly loved child.
The
biblical alternative to self-love and self-forgiveness is self-denial.
The
consistent theme of the Scriptures is the call not to love ourselves, but to deny
ourselves. Remember Jesus’ words: "Then Jesus told his disciples, 'If anyone
would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me. 25
For whoever would save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my
sake will find it'" (Matthew 16:24–25).
To
enter the kingdom of God and become a disciple of Jesus is (by very definition)
to put off a focus on self and place Jesus at the center of our existence. In fact, the greatest joy, fulfillment
and pleasure (all things desired in the search for self-esteem) are found when
we deny ourselves! Jesus says that
self-denial is the path to the joy of eternal life, and honor from God the
Father: "Whoever loves his life loses it, and whoever hates his life
in this world will keep it for eternal life. 26 If anyone serves me,
he must follow me; and where I am, there will my servant be also. If anyone
serves me, the Father will honor him" (John 12:25–26).
What
is truly needed then is a healthy dose of CHRIST-esteem.
The Bible calls us to see ourselves rightly, as wretched
sinners who have no hope and no worth unless God were to call us out of darkness
and poverty and blindness and our status as orphans, instead calling us children
in His kingdom - sons and daughters.
Because of the image of God in us and the Spirit in us we now have great
dignity and worth! But this is not
self-esteem – this is Christ esteem, because our worth is based on us being in
Christ.
To
heal of guilt from our own sin, we do not need to forgive ourselves, but rather
grapple deeply with our own corruption that deserves God’s wrath. This will drive us to the only place for
hope – to the cross, where we can have no high view of ourselves. There we see how horrifying our sin is
(it sent Jesus to die) yet how greatly
loved by God we are that He would pay such a price to free us from sin’s grip. This Divine love completely takes away
our guilt that would otherwise stand against us in the Day of Judgment. For us to continue to hold on to it is
to forget the price Jesus paid to free us from the guilt and power of sin. So brothers and sisters, are you
struggling to let go of the feelings of guilt for your sin? Do not try to
forgive yourself. Instead look
today to the cross of Christ, and there you will see that God has cast your sin
into the depths of the sea, and you are free.
Rejoicing
in the Gospel with you,
Pastor David
[ii] Adams, Jay.
From Forgiven to Forgiving, 64.
Calvary Press, 1994.
